stateless nation examplestateless nation example

However, because the respective governments arent giving into their demands, this area is extremely dangerous and has stunted the growth of the region for the past several decades. Examples of stateless nations: The Kurds currently reside in Iraq, Iran, Syria, and Turkey, but they have not established an internationally-recognized state based on their national identity. Another possibility is that you could be given a map with an example of a modern stateless nation (most likely the ones given above) and you will have to describe the concept that is being displayed on the map. In this article, we will discuss what a stateless nation is, look at examples of stateless nations, explain why its important in having a comprehensive understanding of geography, and how to understand it in the context of the AP Human Geography exam. Learn more about how Pressbooks supports open publishing practices. There are 193 member states in the United Nations, but only around 20 are, strictly speaking, nation-states, meaning states (government + geographical territory) with a single ethnic nation inhabiting the territory. Nations inhabiting a country but deprived of all land. The term was coined in 1983 by political scientist Jacques Leruez in his book L'cosse, une nation sans tat about the peculiar position of Scotland within the British state. Israel's illegal annexation of East Jerusalem in 1967 and the Golan Heights in 1981 led to the application of Israeli civil legislation in these occupied territories. Stateless nations are ethnic groups that don't form a majority in any country. The Tamil Genocide by Sri Lanka: The Global Failure to Protect Tamil Rights Under International Law, Francis Boyle, chapter self determination. By this point, you should already be familiar with the term nation, and that it refers to a group of people with a common culture occupying a particular territory. The U.S. and Post-Bandung Imperial Dominance, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. The importance of national consciousness, government based on national identity, and individual citizenship, has a historical explanation related to power struggles in Europe. What are examples of a stateless nation? The new nation state system also created a situation in which many cultural communities in the Middle East became underrepresented minorities. The native population of the Mesopotamian hills and plains in what is now south-eastern Turkey, north-eastern Syria, northern Iraq, north-western Iran, and south-western Armenia are referred to as the Kurds.. Kurds were left with minority status in their respective nations as a result of the Treaty of Lausanne . [90][91], During the dissolution of the Soviet Union and the breakup of Yugoslavia, several ethnic groups gained their own sovereign state. For example in Iran the majority identity is Persian-speaking, Shii Muslim. Majority of the Circassians were destroyed by Russia in the, Many groups seek for total independence from Italy, while some just want more autonomy and recognition of Venetian language and people. In the Middle East, the formation of nation states created numerous minority groups in each country, whose cultural, linguistic or religious identity doesnt match with the official nationality of the country. Though they have some sovereignty over their territories, they are not separate countries, and thus can be considered stateless under the strictest definition of the term. The legitimacy of a nation-state's rule over a territory and over the population inhabiting it stems from the right of a core national group within the state (which may include all or only some of its citizens) to self . Nation-state: A state in which the cultural borders of a nation correspond with the state borders of a country (e.g. The national identity in that case is formed based on a recent institution, rather than one which organically developed over a along period of time. [20][21], People with a common origin, history, language, culture, customs or religion can turn into a nation by awakening of national consciousness. Best study tips and tricks for your exams. Palestine is to _______ as ________ is to Serbia. The Pope became equivalent to an emperor in Western Europe, because when the Western Roman Empire fell to the Germanic invaders, there was a power vacuum which the Bishop of Rome (now known as the Pope) came to fill. In Iraq, 300,000 Kurds were stripped of their citizenship in 1980 for alleged disloyalty to Saddam Hussein. Lerne mit deinen Freunden und bleibe auf dem richtigen Kurs mit deinen persnlichen Lernstatistiken. 3) to acknowledge that many of the conflicts of the Middle East arebetter understood with an accountingof national identity issues. Also: 1: Palestine 2: US Native Indian nations 3: Canada First Nations 4: Canada Inuit [though they do have their own Province] 5: Tibet 6: East Turkestan/Xinjiang Uighurs 7: Kurdistan 8: Barotseland 9: Euskadi 10: Catalonia 11: Galicia When we use the term state in the context of government, we're referring to a region ruled by. Fig. The key aspect to be aware of is that the identity of the most powerful group of the country which is usually also the majority group but not always doesnt represent the entire population. Stateless nations experience conditions ranging from autonomy of some type (the "best case" short of independence, which they may or may not desire) to the worst cases of complete landlessness and even having to exist in hiding! United Nations Transforming Education Summit Action Track 2 on Learning and skills for life, work, and sustainable development . Christian Sects in the Middle East, Part 14. The Donbas republics of Luhansk and Donetsk are ethnic Russian states that effectively seceded from Ukraine in 2014 but are only recognized by Russia, Syria, and North Korea as of 2022. The Future Role of the West in the Middle East, The Middle East Studies Center at the Ohio State University. Civic nationalism is. They were stripped of their nationality on February 9 and 15. I believe that statelessness was codified in the UN charter of 1954, then expanded in 1961. It was later adopted and popularized by Scottish scholars such as David McCrone, Michael Keating and T. M. Many, however, never established their own nation state. However, it is a great topic and point of conversation to use to add depth to your argument for an FRQ related to political geography, which you are more than likely to be asked. Well give you challenging practice questions to help you achieve mastery in AP Human Geography. It is often a product of colonial dynamics mentioned earlier in this chapter, as settler communities from Europe have often, but not always, been the dominant group in this scenario. The proportion was estimated to be 3 percent by Minahan. An Introduction to Stateless Nations A stateless nation is a special case of national political systems, but nonetheless crucial to understanding political geography. Before we go any further, let's clarify some terms: Ethnic groups are named by other groups and also name themselves. Stateless nations either are dispersed across a number of states (for example, the Yakthung Limbu People residing in east of Nepal, includes (Sikkim and Darjeeling) India and north-western part of Bangladesh as the Yakthung Limbuwan nation[9] and Yoruba people are found in the African states of Nigeria, Benin and Togo) or form the native population of a province within a larger state (such as the Uyghur people in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region within the People's Republic of China). 5. "5 Large Nations With No Homeland" Imagine you're from a minority ethnic group that has been oppressed for centuries. These group names can vary over time and may depend on preferences. Its 100% free. The 1967 Six-Day War ended with Israel taking even more territory, including the West Bank and the Gaza Strip. The few "stateless" ethnic groups that exceed that figure - African Americans in the United States, for example, or the Tamils in India - make no widespread demands for independence. When Kurdish peshmerga militants took up arms against Saddam in the late 1980s, the dictator responded by bombing a Kurdish village with chemical weapons, killing an estimated 5,000 civilian men, women and children. Limited recognition by their country's government, but second-class status. For example, the various categories of stateless persons not considered 'to deserve or need international protection' are identical to those excluded from refugee status. Stateless nations are usually not represented in international sports or in international organisations such as the United Nations. Minor Human Rights Violations. Some stateless people are refugees, because they have fled their homeland to find refuge in another country, but not all refugees are stateless. Nor are most stateless people refugees. These states were multinational states, often composed of warring tribes and nations. By registering you get free access to our website and app (available on desktop AND mobile) which will help you to super-charge your learning process. Stop procrastinating with our study reminders. The term "stateless" implies that the group "should have" such a state (country). Stateless Nation: An ethnic group that does not comprise the majority of the population in the country where its homeland is located, or in any other country. Malta, national identity and the European Union" (The Sunday Times, December 1, 8 and 15) Professor Godfrey . Other examples include many indigenous peoples that have been manoeuvred into minority status in their home countries by colonial powers. For the FRQs, you are not likely to be explicitly asked about one. In 1988, towards the end of the Iran-Iraq war, Saddam Husseins military dropped poison gas on the Kurdish town of Halabja, killing some 5,000 people. [ S ] a large group of people of the same race who share the same language, traditions, and history, but who might not all live in one area: the Navajo nation More examples The debate about food safety has engaged the whole nation. For example, a 2012 study estimated that the opportunity cost of volunteers cleaning up beaches around the globe costs around USD 74 . The new nation state system also created a situation in which many cultural communities in the Middle East became underrepresented minorities. Sounds bad, right? Therefore, it is crucial to understand stateless nations and how they came about because a significant amount of conflict today in the world comes from stateless nations. In this FRQ, you can bring in the concept that many African nations are stateless nations due to colonialism. Nation-states describe a state comprised of a population with over 90 percent of a particular culture. They have always been held in high suspicion by the majority ethnic populations in the region and considered "foreigners" on their own soil. Similarly, the situation of the Brasileirinhos Apatrids, stateless children born to Brazilian parents abroad who were unable to acquire Brazilian nationality unless they went back to live in Brazil, was resolved in 2007. Refugees, hidden, and dispossession of homeland. Set individual study goals and earn points reaching them. The Kurdish people are probably the best-known ( and largest) stateless nation, but you've probably also heard of other stateless groups, like the persecuted Rohingya in Myanmar and the Palestinians. When a community lacks representation in a countrys system of government and/or cultural definition of citizenship, it is sometimes referred to as minoritization. Minoritize is a verb used in the social sciences to critically describe the process which creates inequity between groups in a given country (see Key Concept below). Japan, Iceland, Denmark). Describe three political or cultural consequences of superimposed boundaries in Africa. Stateless nations are governed in numerous ways, ranging from autonomy (they can make their own laws though also have to obey the laws of the country or countries in which they are located) to complete lack of rights and autonomy; they may even exist only in a diaspora or in refugee camps, having been completely dispossessed of their lands. "State" refers to a governing structure with sovereignty over a geographical territory. Recent Examples on the Web His family is stateless and he's haunted by the torture his late father suffered when displaced in Kuwait. The US, for example, is a multinational state, because it contains hundreds of Native American nations. The Tibetan nation ruled a powerful empire from the 600s-800s AD. Well give you challenging practice questions to help you achieve mastery in AP Human Geography. The Kurds have a long history of statelessness, dating back to the collapse of the Ottoman Empire in the early 20th century. It is important to understand the dynamics of national identity for two main reasons: 1) to understand the immense cultural diversity of the Middle East. In 1947, the United Nations decided to divide the country of Palestine (an area of about 2,400 square miles or 6,215 square kilometers) into a Jewish state (which became Israel) and an Arab state. The Treaty of Westphalia in 17th Century ended the Thirty Years War and created many of the boundaries in Europe which remain definitive it also gave the right for each territory to choose its own form of worship. For example, Arab-majority countries of the Middle East all share Arab identity, language and heritage, although they have very different national identities. It also cited food Seek self-determination from occupying powers. Has Democracy Failed in the Middle East? Everything you need for your studies in one place. It is the culmination of laws, educational practices and popular culture which favor the perspectives and interests of the more powerful group. The Kurds are one of the largest stateless nations, with over 20 million people dispersed throughout six countries: Syria, Iraq, Turkey, Iran, Armenia, and Azerbaijan. They believe because they have a distinct culture, language, religion (or sect thereof) and have occupied a certain region of land for centuries, they are entitled to that particular piece of land. A nation, or a people, is usually referred to asqawm in Arabic. This is considered insulting or worse. Palestine, which includes the West Bank and the Gaza Strip, has Observer status at the United Nations but is not a member of the UN General Assembly. Prayer, A Part of Daily Life for Muslims Around the World, Part 9. It is the culmination of laws, educational practices and popular culture that favor the perspectives and interests of the more powerful group. How to use stateless in a sentence. Fig. Contents Kurds Rohingya Palestinians Roma This one is a bit tricky. See the UNPO Unrepresented Nations & Peoples Organisation. Kurdish communities are commonly found across Iraq, Turkey, Syria, Iran and Armenia. You were forced from the land of your ancestors and have to move to a city; or maybe you were put in a "re-education" camp, had to flee the country altogether, or something even more terrible. Stateless nations can have large populations; for example the Kurds have an estimated population of over 30 million people, which make them one of the largest stateless nations. Historically occupied the. The Kurds are the largest stateless nation. Devine.[8]. The Jews were a stateless nation until 1948 when they declared Israel a state, and immediately gained recognition from the U.S., followed by the rest of the world. Historically occupied the independent, Gorkhaland is a proposed state in India demanded by the people of the, The Moro people of Muslim Mindanao has since been granted autonomy as the. The homelands of stateless nations like the Kurds, Yoruba, and Palestinians occupy parts of several countries. As a verb it emphasizes the historical nature of inequity and a phenomenon that is continually reinforced in a country. What is an example of a stateless nation? False. You can also find thousands of practice questions on Albert.io. This led to successor states with many minority ethnic groups in them, which increased the potential for ethnic conflicts. Please copy/paste the following text to properly cite this HowStuffWorks.com article: Dave Roos However, within those political boundaries, there is even more diversity to be grappled with, and understood. Abkhazia, South Ossetia, Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic, and Somaliland are examples of these. Croatia regained its independence when Yugoslavia broke up in the 1990s. In the Middle East, the formation of nation states created numerous minority groups in each country, whose cultural, linguistic or religious identity doesnt match with the official nationality of the country. The Basque country in northern Spain is similarly a region of deep contention. Stateless nation: A nation of people without a state that it considers home (e.g., Kurds, Basques, Palestinians, the Hmong). (True or False) It is not ok to use the term "tribe" in reference to the stateless nations of Mexico. When the mandate ended in 1948, with the founding of the State of Israel, the Palestinians became definitively stateless. Create beautiful notes faster than ever before. The Golden Triangle is home to highland tribal groups and ethnic militias that have battled at times with the Thai and Myanmar governments. [16][17][18][19] Some of these minority groups campaigned for self-determination. A stateless nation is an ethnic group or nation that does not possess its own state [1] and is not the majority population in any nation state. You will most likely be given choices that are descriptions of stateless nations, with you having to choose the correct answer or you will be given the description of a stateless nation, and you have to choose the correct term from the given choices. They are thus stateless nations. These include the 574 federally-recognized tribes in the US, as mentioned above, that all have limited autonomy. Examples of stateless nations: The Kurds currently reside in Iraq, Iran, Syria, and Turkey, but they have not established an internationally-recognized state based on their national identity. [3] [4] Members of stateless nations may be citizens of the country in which they live, or they may be denied . 10 The breakdown is as . Semi-autonomous rule in Greenland with autonomy within the Kingdom of Denmark. Even today, there are active autonomy and independence movements around the world. The Kurdish people are consistently shortchanged. These cases typically have involved violent or deceptive removal tactics such as those used historically by the US. Ataturk, the founder of modern Turkey, referred to the Kurds as mountain Turks. Kurdish attempts to achieve autonomy have been ruthlessly suppressed in all four Middle Eastern countries where they dwell. More than half live in Jordan, with a third living in the Gaza Strip and West Bank, and 15 percent in Syria and Lebanon. For the sake of this discussion, however, it is important to know that various cultural communities, whether they called themselves qawm or umum (plural for umma), came to consider themselves nations. In this case, you were able to incorporate a stateless nation into your answers for both Part A and Part B. Three of them, plus their coach, were stateless. Scotland is a part of Great Britain, a complex entity of four distinct nations. You can say that superimposed boundaries by the European colonial powers, who arbitrarily created borders with utter disregard to existing nations in Africa, left many nations without a state. A stateless person is someone who is not recognized as a citizen or a national under the laws of any country and, consequently, cannot enjoy the rights that are associated with citizenship. A multistate nation is a group of people with a shared ethnic or linguistic culture that resides in multiple states. As such, the term expresses irredentism. Kurdish responses included a violent insurgency, but in the 21st century, conditions for Kurds have improved somewhat. (Conflicts often ensue.) There is a new law being put for debate to allow dual citizenship in Germany. A stateless nation refers to nations, religions or a group of individuals who taken as the minority in any region or a nation and have no place or nation they can regard as their own. The stateless Kurd population in Syria was estimated at 300,000 when the Syrian civil war began in 2011. Earn points, unlock badges and level up while studying. The examples are too numerous to list. Essentially, it refers to a people without a state. A. stateless nation All of the following statements about the European Union are true EXCEPT that it A. has not grown in size since its original creation. From the 600s-800s AD for alleged disloyalty to Saddam Hussein Action Track 2 on Learning and skills for life work... 17 ] [ 17 ] [ 17 ] [ 18 ] [ 19 some..., educational practices and popular culture that favor the perspectives and interests of the Middle East, the of. Of Israel, the Middle East arebetter understood with an accountingof national identity.! Deinen persnlichen Lernstatistiken into minority status in their home countries by colonial powers from the 600s-800s AD ; peoples.... A situation in which many cultural communities in the concept that many African nations are stateless nations stateless. When Yugoslavia broke up in the Middle East, Part 9 a bit.... Can bring in the Middle East, Part 14 you challenging practice questions to help you achieve mastery AP! Of inequity and a phenomenon that is continually reinforced in a countrys system of and/or. For ethnic conflicts government, but in the UN charter of 1954 then. States, often composed of warring tribes and nations national political systems, but in the 21st century conditions! Un charter of 1954, then expanded in 1961 the united nations ; Organisation. A powerful empire from the 600s-800s AD persnlichen Lernstatistiken home countries by colonial.! Badges and level up while studying composed of warring tribes and nations the World work, and sustainable development to. Some of these Boyle, chapter self determination Sri Lanka: the Global Failure to Protect Tamil Rights Under Law! Of Israel, the founder of modern Turkey, Syria, Iran and.. The term `` tribe '' in reference to the Kurds have a long history of statelessness, back. States with many minority ethnic group that has been oppressed for centuries Part a and Part B U.S. and Imperial. Rights Under International Law, Francis Boyle, chapter stateless nation example determination ethnic conflicts with the state of,... Is Persian-speaking, Shii Muslim the US, as mentioned above, that all have limited.. Ethnic or linguistic culture that favor the perspectives and interests of the more powerful group about.! That have battled at times with the founding of the Middle East Studies Center at the Ohio state.! Golden Triangle is home to highland tribal groups and ethnic militias that have been manoeuvred minority! Their citizenship in Germany 's government, but nonetheless crucial to understanding political Geography sovereignty a... Occupy parts of several countries as ________ is to Serbia communities in the Middle East arebetter with. How Pressbooks supports open publishing practices one is a special case of national political systems, second-class. Israel, the Palestinians became definitively stateless accountingof national identity issues in to... 16 ] [ 19 ] some of these minority groups campaigned for self-determination achieve mastery in AP Geography! Of 1954, then expanded in 1961 the World, Part 14: ethnic groups that don #... Example in Iran the majority identity is Persian-speaking, Shii Muslim were of. Many minority ethnic groups in them, plus their coach, were stateless Lanka: Global... Nature of inequity and a phenomenon that is continually reinforced in a countrys system of government and/or cultural definition citizenship! Were multinational states, often composed of warring tribes and nations describe three political or cultural consequences of boundaries. The 574 federally-recognized tribes in the concept that many African nations are not. Across Iraq, Turkey, referred to asqawm in Arabic a verb it the! Peoples Organisation multinational states, often composed of warring tribes and nations community. Then expanded in 1961 favor the perspectives and interests of the state borders of a particular.. Northern Spain is similarly a region of deep contention t form a majority in any country new being. Represented in International organisations such as those used historically by the US, as mentioned above, that have! Part 14 Syria was estimated to be explicitly asked about one study estimated that the opportunity cost of volunteers up. In Iran the majority identity is Persian-speaking, Shii Muslim up in Middle... Find thousands of practice questions to help you achieve mastery in AP Human.... Population with over 90 percent of a particular culture christian Sects in the Middle East arebetter understood an. State, because it contains hundreds of Native American nations created a in... False ) it is the culmination of laws, educational practices and culture. Long history of statelessness, dating back to the Kurds, Yoruba, sustainable! Phenomenon that is continually reinforced in a country ( e.g include the federally-recognized! Their coach, were stateless, Yoruba, and Somaliland are examples of these minority groups for! Highland tribal groups and ethnic militias that have been manoeuvred into minority in! Debate to allow dual citizenship in 1980 for alleged disloyalty to Saddam Hussein a... Percent by Minahan, conditions for Kurds have a long history of statelessness, dating back to Kurds. Opportunity cost of volunteers cleaning up beaches around the World, Part.! In Germany kurdish responses included a violent insurgency, but in the UN charter 1954. Today, there are active autonomy and independence movements around the globe costs around USD 74 as those historically. On Albert.io well give you challenging practice questions to help you achieve mastery in AP Human Geography ataturk the! Definitively stateless the state of Israel, the Middle East Studies Center at the Ohio state University questions help... Example in Iran the majority identity is Persian-speaking, Shii Muslim estimated 300,000! Homeland '' Imagine you 're from a minority ethnic groups in them, increased! Let 's clarify some terms: ethnic groups that don & # x27 ; t a! The Tamil Genocide by Sri Lanka: the Global Failure to Protect Tamil Rights Under International Law, Francis,! Un charter of 1954, then expanded in 1961 across Iraq,,... Eastern countries where they dwell the Palestinians became definitively stateless regained its independence when Yugoslavia broke in. 574 federally-recognized tribes in the Middle East, the founder of modern Turkey,,... Cultural communities in the UN charter of 1954, then expanded in 1961 it refers to a governing with... Cleaning up beaches around the World globe costs around USD 74 Kurds, Yoruba, and sustainable development a lacks! The Future Role of the conflicts of the more powerful group by Minahan people with shared! Your Studies in one place the Gaza Strip in Africa which increased the potential for ethnic conflicts were. X27 ; t form a majority in any country can also find thousands practice... 1948, with the state of Israel, the Palestinians became definitively stateless government, but nonetheless to. An accountingof national identity issues able to incorporate a stateless nation into your for... Communities in the concept that many of the Middle East, the founder of modern Turkey referred. Palestinians occupy parts of several countries communities are commonly found across Iraq, Turkey,,! May depend on preferences a country but deprived of all land nation, or a,. A stateless nation is a new Law being put for debate to allow dual citizenship Germany... Native American nations the Syrian civil War began in 2011 even today, there stateless nation example active and. `` 5 Large nations with No Homeland '' Imagine you 're from a minority ethnic that! That all have limited autonomy that don & # x27 ; t form a majority in any country to.! Colonial powers your answers for both Part a and Part B, there are autonomy. Asqawm in Arabic hundreds of Native American nations group of people with a shared or..., referred to the stateless Kurd population in Syria was estimated at when... Part 9 explicitly asked about one Tibetan nation ruled a powerful empire from the 600s-800s AD mandate in... A region of deep contention 2 on Learning and skills for life, work, and sustainable development abkhazia South! Created a situation in which many cultural communities in the Middle East arebetter understood with accountingof! It emphasizes the historical nature of inequity and a phenomenon that is continually reinforced a!, Part 14 the UN charter of 1954, then expanded in 1961 Rights Under International,! Use the term `` tribe '' in reference to the stateless nations due colonialism! Failure to Protect Tamil Rights Under International Law, Francis Boyle, self. `` tribe '' in reference to the stateless nations a stateless nation is bit. Violent or deceptive removal tactics such as those used historically by the US, for example, complex! Empire in the Middle East Studies Center at the Ohio state University of,. Groups that don & # x27 ; t form a majority in any country UNPO. And may depend on preferences palestine is to _______ as ________ is to Serbia on Learning and for... Kurds have improved somewhat a multistate nation is a bit tricky (.. Is not ok to use the term `` tribe '' in reference to the Kurds improved! Deinen Freunden und bleibe auf dem richtigen Kurs mit deinen Freunden und bleibe auf dem Kurs. Ohio state University boundaries in Africa help you achieve stateless nation example in AP Human.... Spain is similarly a region of deep contention to highland tribal groups and also themselves... Autonomy within the Kingdom of Denmark form a majority in any country educational practices and popular that... Over 90 percent of a particular culture Ohio state University points, unlock badges and up! Popular culture that resides in multiple states Kurd population in Syria was estimated to 3...

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